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Related Concept Videos

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

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Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
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Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

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The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
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Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

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Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila
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Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila

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Perfect duet: Dual recombinases improve genetic resolution.

Hongxin Li1, Wendong Weng1, Bin Zhou1,2,3,4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Cell Proliferation
|April 15, 2023
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Summary

Dual recombinase systems improve genetic lineage tracing accuracy for stem cell and regeneration medicine research. These advanced methods overcome limitations of single recombinase strategies, enabling clearer insights into cell fate plasticity.

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Last Updated: Aug 2, 2025

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Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Site-specific recombinases (SSRs) are vital genetic tools for in vivo genomic manipulation.
  • Current single-recombinase lineage tracing lacks resolution, leading to ambiguous scientific conclusions.
  • Accurate cell fate tracing is crucial for stem cell and regeneration medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in dual-recombinase-mediated genetic approaches for lineage tracing.
  • To highlight novel genetic recombination technologies and their applications.
  • To compare dual-recombinase strategies with single-recombinase systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on dual-recombinase systems.
  • Analysis of novel genetic recombination technologies.
  • Discussion of applications in cell differentiation, proliferation, and genetic manipulation.

Main Results:

  • Dual-recombinase systems offer enhanced resolution and accuracy in lineage tracing compared to single-recombinase methods.
  • Novel recombination technologies are expanding the utility of dual-recombinase strategies.
  • These approaches provide clearer insights into complex biological processes.

Conclusions:

  • Dual-recombinase strategies represent a significant advancement over single-recombinase systems for genetic lineage tracing.
  • These methods are essential for resolving complex scientific questions in cell biology and regenerative medicine.
  • Further development of dual-recombinase technologies will continue to drive progress in the field.