The Relationship Between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Adipocytokine Levels

The aim of this study was to compare adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, and irisin levels between pregnant women diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and healthy pregnant women and to evaluate the role of these parameters in GDM pathophysiology and early diagnosis.

Fifty GDM and 50 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements of pregnant women were performed. Fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, 75 gr OGTT, low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and complete blood count results were recorded. Adiponectin, irisin, visfatin, resistin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were evaluated.

Serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower (p<0.001) and serum resistin and CRP levels were significantly higher (p=0.000 and p=0.027, respectively) in pregnant women with GDM compared to healthy pregnants. There was no significant difference between groups according to serum irisin and visfatin levels (p=0.942 and p=0.332, respectively). There was a negative correlation between adiponectin level and FPG, visfatin, and resistin, while a positive correlation was found between irisin level. While there was a positive correlation between resistin and CRP levels, there was a negative correlation between adiponectin level. While there was a positive correlation between irisin and adiponectin levels, there was a negative correlation between weight and body mass index.

In this study, we think that elevated serum resistin and CRP levels and decreased adiponectin levels in GDM patients may play a role in glucose metabolism changes. Further studies are needed on this subject.