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Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology
Published on: February 25, 2022
Non-pituitary GH regulation of the tissue microenvironment
Vera Chesnokova1, Shlomo Melmed1
1Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Abstract:
Non-pituitary growth hormone (npGH) expression is well established in extrapituitary tissues, but an understanding of the physiological role of npGH remains rather limited. Pro-tumorigenic npGH impacting the tumor microenvironment has been reviewed. We focus here on autocrine/paracrine npGH effects in non-tumorous tissues and discuss its mechanisms of action in the normal tissue microenvironment. We address the tissue-specific effects of npGH in regulating stem, endothelial, immune, and epithelial cells and highlight the related role of npGH-associated changes in tissue aging.
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