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DinhDuy Vu1, Sankar Das Sarma1

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Dissipation can extend the lifetime of prethermal discrete time crystals (DTCs) by slowing error accumulation. However, environmental interactions destabilize the emergent symmetry, leading to a nonmonotonic dependence of DTC survival time on coupling strength.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Condensed matter theory

Background:

  • Ergodic quantum systems driven periodically typically heat indefinitely.
  • High-frequency driving can lead to a prethermal regime, delaying heating.
  • Emergent symmetries in prethermal states can host discrete time crystals (DTCs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the impact of dissipation on the survival time of prethermal discrete time crystals.
  • Understand the competing effects of environmental coupling on prethermalization and symmetry breaking.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of a periodically driven quantum system.
  • Modeling the system's interaction with a dissipative bath.
  • Examining the stability of emergent symmetries and subharmonic oscillations.

Main Results:

  • Dissipation can prolong the prethermal period by suppressing error accumulation.
  • Environmental coupling destabilizes the spontaneous symmetry breaking required for DTCs.
  • The survival time of prethermal DTCs exhibits nonmonotonic behavior with increasing dissipation strength.

Conclusions:

  • Dissipation plays a dual role in the dynamics of prethermal discrete time crystals.
  • Optimal environmental coupling exists for maximizing DTC survival time.
  • Understanding dissipation is crucial for realizing and controlling prethermal quantum phenomena.