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Catalysis

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate. The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Published on: February 12, 2019

Activated Carbon Modifications for Heterogeneous Fenton-Like Catalysis.

P Compton¹, N R Dehkordi¹, P Larese Casanova¹

¹Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.

Journal of Chemical Engineering and Catalysis

|April 17, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a cost-effective manganese dioxide-activated carbon catalyst (AC-Mn5) for advanced oxidation processes. This heterogeneous catalyst efficiently degrades pollutants by generating hydroxyl radicals, offering a promising alternative to traditional Fenton chemistry.

Keywords:

Fenton4 Heterogeneous catalysts1 activated carbon3 manganese oxides oxidation processes2

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Last Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

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Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance

Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance

Published on: September 5, 2018

Area of Science:

Environmental Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are crucial for degrading persistent pollutants in hazardous waste and water remediation.
Fenton chemistry, an AOP, can be improved using heterogeneous catalysts to overcome limitations of traditional methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize heterogeneous catalysts for Fenton-like chemistry using activated carbon and nanomaterials.
To develop a cost-effective and technically viable AOP for pollutant degradation.

Main Methods:

Synthesized heterogeneous catalysts by doping activated carbon with Fenton-like nanomaterials.
Tested catalyst performance in generating hydroxyl radicals and degrading benzoic acid in the presence of H2O2.
Evaluated catalyst efficiency under varying H2O2 concentrations, synthesis methods, pH, and after simulated aging.

Main Results:

Activated carbon impregnated with 5% manganese dioxide (AC-Mn5) showed high hydroxyl radical formation and pollutant removal.
The AC-Mn5 catalyst demonstrated effectiveness across various conditions, including acidic pH, and maintained performance after aging.
This catalyst offers a low-cost, easily synthesized alternative to traditional iron-based Fenton reagents.

Conclusions:

The AC-Mn5 catalyst is a promising heterogeneous material for efficient and cost-effective pollutant degradation via advanced oxidation processes.
This approach offers a scalable solution for removing persistent pollutants, potentially replacing conventional Fenton chemistry.