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Related Concept Videos

Bioremediation00:46

Bioremediation

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Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
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Green Algae01:21

Green Algae

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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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Environmental Applications of Microorganisms01:30

Environmental Applications of Microorganisms

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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Carbon-dioxide Fixation01:28

Carbon-dioxide Fixation

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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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Overview of Algae01:28

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The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
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Red Algae01:23

Red Algae

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Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
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Related Experiment Video

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Coupling Carbon Capture from a Power Plant with Semi-automated Open Raceway Ponds for Microalgae Cultivation
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Environmental pollution mitigation through utilization of carbon dioxide by microalgae.

Ayon Tarafdar1, G Sowmya2, K Yogeshwari2

  • 1Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|April 18, 2023
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Summary

Microalgae offer a promising solution for carbon capture, utilization, and storage. Research focuses on optimizing microalgal strains and biorefinery approaches to make this carbon sequestration method more economical and efficient.

Keywords:
AutrotrophyCarbon storageCarbon utilizationMixotrophyRuBisCo enzyme

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Rising anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are driving global warming, necessitating innovative carbon sequestration strategies.
  • Microalgal species exhibit high CO2 tolerance (10-100%), making them suitable for carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in microalgal carbon sequestration techniques.
  • To highlight mechanisms, economic viability, and areas for future research in microalgae-based CCUS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microalgal carbon sequestration technologies.
  • Analysis of microalgal biomass conversion via biorefinery for biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals.
  • Exploration of genetic engineering (CRISPR-Cas9) for enhanced microalgal strains.

Main Results:

  • Microalgal biomass (∼2 g/L) can yield 60-99.5% valuable products through biorefining.
  • CRISPR-Cas9 facilitates development of low pH tolerant, high lipid-producing microalgal strains.
  • Current production costs range from ~$0.5-15/kg, with limited economic investigations.

Conclusions:

  • Microalgae show significant potential for economical carbon capture and biomass valorization.
  • Further research is needed to reduce production costs and optimize microalgae-based CCUS systems.