Keratoconus tomographic indices in osteogenesis imperfecta.
Rafael Correia Barão1,2, Miguel Santos3, Raquel Esteves Marques4
1Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Santa Maria, CHULN, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisbon, Portugal. rafaelcbarao@gmail.com.
Summary
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) patients exhibit distinct corneal changes, including thinner corneas and altered topography, compared to healthy individuals. These findings suggest a higher risk for corneal ectasia in OI patients, warranting further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Genetics
- Corneal Science
Background:
- Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare inherited disorder impacting collagen, with known ocular complications like thin corneas and keratoconus.
- Previous reports indicate ocular issues in OI patients, necessitating a detailed characterization of corneal structure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare corneal tomographic features between patients with Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and age-matched controls.
- To specifically evaluate keratoconus indices and other corneal parameters in OI patients.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional case-control study involving 37 OI patients and 37 controls.
- Comprehensive ophthalmological exams including Scheimpflug tomography (Pentacam HR) for topometric, tomographic, pachymetric, and Belin-Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display III (BAD-D) analysis.
Main Results:
- OI patients showed significantly higher maximum keratometry, increased front and back elevation, and altered surface variance and asymmetry indices.
- Thinnest corneal thickness and maximum Ambrósio relational thickness were significantly lower in OI patients, with two-thirds having corneas <500 µm.
- The Belin-Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display III (BAD-D) score was significantly higher in OI patients, indicating increased risk for ectasia.
Conclusions:
- Osteogenesis imperfecta patients present with significant alterations in corneal topography and thickness compared to healthy individuals.
- A substantial proportion of OI patients display tomographically suspect corneas based on keratoconus indices.
- Further research is essential to determine the precise risk of developing corneal ectasia in the OI population.
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