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Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

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Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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High-Intensity interval training reduces transcriptomic age: A randomized controlled trial.

Trevor Lohman1, Gurinder Bains1, Steve Cole2

  • 1Loma Linda University School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda, California, USA.

Aging Cell
|April 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) reduced biological age by 3.59 years in sedentary adults. This exercise intervention also improved mental health and body composition markers over four weeks.

Keywords:
agingautophagybiological agebody compositiongene expressionhigh-intensity interval traininglongevitytranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Genomics
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • The link between exercise and longevity is established, but its impact on biological age, particularly using transcriptomic data, remains unclear.
  • Transcriptomic age (TA) offers a novel metric to assess biological age based on whole-genome expression.
  • Understanding how specific exercise protocols affect TA is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on transcriptomic age (TA) in sedentary adults.
  • To evaluate changes in psychological well-being and body composition following a HIIT protocol.
  • To explore potential gene expression pathways modulated by exercise that relate to aging.

Main Methods:

  • A single-site, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 sedentary participants aged 40-65.
  • Participants were randomized into a HIIT group or a no-exercise control group.
  • The HIIT group completed three 23-minute sessions per week for four weeks, totaling 276 minutes of exercise. Measures included TA, PSS-10, PSQI, PHQ-9, and body composition.

Main Results:

  • The HIIT group experienced a reduction in TA by 3.59 years, while the control group showed an increase of 3.29 years.
  • Significant improvements were observed in the HIIT group for PHQ-9 (depression), PSQI (sleep quality), BMI, body fat mass, and visceral fat.
  • Hypothesis-driven gene expression analysis suggested exercise influenced pathways such as autophagy, mTOR, AMPK, PI3K, and insulin signaling.

Conclusions:

  • A low-dose HIIT regimen can effectively reduce mRNA-based biological age in sedentary middle-aged and older adults.
  • HIIT demonstrates potential benefits beyond TA, improving mental health and metabolic health markers.
  • The modest changes in other gene expression patterns suggest exercise may have a focused impact on specific age-related biological processes.