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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 2, 2025

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

Time-Based and Event-Based Prospective Memory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Virtual Week Investigation.

Farangis Dehnavi¹, Azizuddin Khan²

¹Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, Maharashtra, India.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

|April 20, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) struggle with prospective memory tasks, performing worse on time-based than event-based challenges. These memory difficulties impact daily functioning and independence.

Keywords:

Cognitive Ability Delayed Intention Goal-Directed Behavior Virtual Week irregular Task

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Area of Science:

Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors.
Prospective memory (PM) involves remembering to perform delayed intentions, and its failures are common in ASD but less studied in adults.
Existing research on prospective memory in autistic adults yields conflicting results regarding regular and irregular tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate prospective memory performance in adults diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.
To compare prospective memory in autistic adults versus neurotypical adults using a standardized task.

Main Methods:

The study utilized the Virtual Week board game (3-day version), a computerized task simulating daily activities.
Participants included adults aged 16-25 diagnosed with ASD (N=23) and a comparison group of non-ASD adults (N=26).
Data were analyzed using analyses of variance to compare performance between groups and across different task types.

Main Results:

Autistic adults demonstrated poorer performance on time-based prospective memory tasks compared to event-based tasks.
Significant differences were observed in performance on regular versus irregular prospective memory tasks among autistic adults.
Difficulties in autism spectrum disorder were specifically linked to the prospective component of irregular tasks.

Conclusions:

Prospective memory failures are prevalent in adults with ASD, significantly affecting their functional independence.
This study offers valuable insights into the daily prospective memory challenges faced by adults on the autism spectrum.