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Ocular Tuberculosis in Pediatrics: A Case Report
Paula Manuel Vieira1, Carla Zilhão1, Vasco Miranda2
1Serviço Pediatria. Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte Albino Aroso. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal.
Acta Medica Portuguesa
|April 20, 2023
Summary
A young male with prior tuberculosis exposure developed uveitis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis led to a full visual recovery.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- A 17-year-old male presented with acute visual disturbances.
- History of exposure to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and prior isoniazid prophylaxis.
Observation:
- Ophthalmic examination revealed intermediate and posterior uveitis in the left eye.
- Initial tests showed positive Herpes Simplex 1 IgG, but negative for Varicella-Zoster Virus and other serologies.
- Chest radiography was normal, but subsequent Mantoux and IGRA tests indicated latent TB infection.
Findings:
- Epiretinal membrane formation and posterior vitreous detachment with vitreous hematoma were observed.
- Diagnosis of ocular tuberculosis was confirmed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis identification in sputum and vitreous humor.
- The patient received quadruple antitubercular therapy and corticosteroids, followed by surgical intervention (vitrectomy and endolaser).
Implications:
- Early diagnosis and comprehensive management, including surgical intervention, are crucial for treating ocular tuberculosis.
- This case highlights the importance of considering TB in uveitis patients with relevant exposure history.
- Successful treatment resulted in complete visual recovery, underscoring the efficacy of timely intervention.
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