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Self-Healing Binder for High-Voltage Batteries.

Xiaoli Peng1, Xuejing Chen1, Chenxia Tang1

  • 1School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel self-healing polymer binder for lithium-ion batteries, significantly improving performance and durability under mechanical stress and high voltage. The binder enhances battery cycle life and capacity retention after damage.

Keywords:
LiCoO2binderhigh voltageintrinsic self-healinglithium-ion batteries

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Flexible lithium-ion batteries are susceptible to mechanical damage from deformation, leading to internal cracks and performance degradation.
  • Existing binders struggle to maintain electrode integrity and adhesion under stress, limiting battery lifespan and high-voltage operation.
  • Self-healing binders offer a promising solution to mitigate mechanical damage and enhance battery resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a thermoplastic intrinsic self-healing polymer (TISP) binder for lithium-ion batteries.
  • To investigate the TISP binder's ability to enhance mechanical stability, adhesion, and electrochemical performance, particularly under high-voltage conditions.
  • To demonstrate the self-healing capability of the TISP binder in recovering battery capacity after mechanical damage.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized a TISP binder via polymerization of butanediol, propylene glycol, succinic acid, sebacic acid, and itaconic acid.
  • Characterized the TISP binder's properties, including glass transition temperature, structure, cross-link density, and chemical bonding.
  • Fabricated LiCoO2 electrode batteries using the TISP binder and evaluated their electrochemical performance, cycle life, and self-healing capacity after mechanical damage.

Main Results:

  • The TISP binder exhibits excellent adhesion to active materials and current collectors due to diverse bonding interactions.
  • Its low glass transition temperature and amorphous structure facilitate polymer chain mobility for efficient self-healing at 40 °C.
  • Batteries with TISP binder maintained 86.5% capacity retention (162.4 mAh g-1) after 349 cycles at 4.5 V and recovered 96% of capacity after scratch damage and healing.

Conclusions:

  • The developed TISP binder effectively addresses mechanical damage in lithium-ion batteries, significantly improving cycle performance and high-voltage stability.
  • The binder's self-healing capability restores battery capacity after physical damage, demonstrating its potential for robust flexible electronics.
  • The TISP binder's unique properties, including its HOMO level, contribute to cathode passivation and reduced electrolyte side reactions under high-voltage operation.