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Grapevine scion gene expression is driven by rootstock and environment interaction.

Zachary N Harris1,2, Julia E Pratt3,4, Laszlo G Kovacs5

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Rootstock grafting in grapevines influences scion gene expression in leaves, but this effect is not constant. It varies by tissue, year, and is modulated by environmental conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Horticulture
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Grafting fuses rootstock and scion in woody crops, combining traits.
  • In grapevines, grafting optimizes quality, vigor, and stress tolerance.
  • Rootstock effects on scion composition are known, but gene expression influence is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how rootstock genotypes influence scion gene expression in grapevine leaves and reproductive tissues.
  • To determine the tissue and time dependency of rootstock effects on scion gene expression.
  • To assess the role of environmental interactions in rootstock-mediated gene expression changes.

Main Methods:

  • Field study of grapevines over three years.
  • Analysis of scion gene expression in leaves and reproductive tissues.
  • Evaluation of rootstock genotype influence under varying environmental conditions.

Main Results:

  • Rootstock influence on scion gene expression is tissue-specific, primarily observed in leaves.
  • The effect is time-dependent, appearing significantly in only one year of the study.
  • Environmental conditions interact with rootstock genotype to modulate scion gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Rootstock genotype's modulation of scion gene expression is dynamic, not static.
  • Environmental interactions are critical factors influencing the extent of rootstock effects.
  • Understanding these variations is key for optimizing grapevine cultivation through grafting.