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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

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Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
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Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

16
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

19
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
19
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

10
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
10
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

39
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
39
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

22
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Erysipelothrix Bacteremia; is Endocarditis a Rule?

Haripriya Reddy Challa1, Ashwini Choudary Tayade2, Srimathy Venkatesh3

  • 1Institute of Infectious Diseases, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Journal of Global Infectious Diseases
|April 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae rarely causes human infections, but can lead to severe bacteremia and endocarditis. Successful treatment with ceftriaxone was observed in two rare cases, highlighting treatment options beyond vancomycin.

Keywords:
BacteremiaErysipelothrixGram-positive bacillusendocarditisfishbone

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Case Reports

Background:

  • Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive bacillus known to cause zoonotic infections.
  • Human infections are rare, typically presenting as localized skin conditions or invasive diseases like endocarditis.
  • Erysipelothrix bacteremia is often associated with infective endocarditis and carries a high mortality rate.

Observation:

  • This report details two distinct cases of Erysipelothrix bacteremia.
  • Case 1 involved native valve tricuspid endocarditis, an uncommon presentation.
  • Case 2 presented as bacteremia secondary to a skin breach, without cardiac valve involvement.

Findings:

  • Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae exhibits intrinsic resistance to vancomycin, a common treatment for Gram-positive bacteremia.
  • Both patients in this study were successfully treated with ceftriaxone.
  • The high association of Erysipelothrix bacteremia with endocarditis may be influenced by underreporting of non-endocarditic cases.

Implications:

  • Ceftriaxone is a viable therapeutic option for Erysipelothrix bacteremia, including cases resistant to vancomycin.
  • Further investigation into underreported cases of Erysipelothrix bacteremia without endocarditis is warranted.
  • Understanding the spectrum of Erysipelothrix infections and their treatment is crucial for clinical management.