Acute obstructive pyelonephritis due to pyosalpinx: a case report

A pyosalpinx is the acute inflammation of the fallopian tube, which fills up and swells with pus. It commonly results from inadequate or delayed treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease.

We report the case of a 54-year-old Africain female patient, who presented with sustained high-grade fever, right flank pain, and severe acute storage low-urinary-tract symptoms. Computed tomography showed signs of acute obstructive pyelonephritis with a right tubular juxtauterine mass with complex internal fluid and thick enhancing walls exerting a mass effect on the right ureter. A drainage of the right excretory cavities by a JJ stent was performed. An ultrasound-guided aspiration of the collection was also performed.

A pyosalpinx can then exert a mass effect on the excretory cavities, thus causing an acute obstructive pyelonephritis. A double drainage coupled with an effective antibiotic therapy is then necessary.