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Does Masked Interviewing Encourage Holistic Review in Residency Selection? A Mixed-Methods Study
Justin T Clapp1,2,3, Sarah J Heins1, Timothy G Gaulton1,2,3
1Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Teaching and Learning in Medicine
|April 25, 2023
Summary
Masking academic information during residency interviews did not significantly change applicant ratings. This study suggests focusing on how programs use criteria, rather than eliminating metrics, for fairer holistic review in medical education.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Residency Selection
- Holistic Review
Background:
- Medical educators advocate for holistic review in residency selection.
- Standardized academic criteria like board scores hinder holistic review implementation.
- Masking interviewers from academic files is proposed to enhance interview contributions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the effect of masking interviewers from applicants' academic files on residency selection.
- To assess whether masking promotes a more independent contribution of the interview to candidate evaluation.
- To analyze how masking influences the evaluation process in anesthesiology residency selection.
Main Methods:
- A mixed-methods study using a concurrent, partially mixed, equal-status design.
- Audio-recording and qualitative analysis of selection committee meetings.
- Statistical comparison of interviewer and consensus ratings between masked and conventional interview days.
Main Results:
- In conventional meetings, interviewers reconciled academic metrics with interview performance.
- Masked meetings shifted focus to candidate 'fit' and tactfulness, but led to masking breaches.
- No significant differences in rating outcomes were found between masked and conventional interview days.
Conclusions:
- Eliminating academic metrics during interviews does not automatically ensure holistic review.
- Interventions should focus on how programs apply academic and other criteria for evaluation.
- Further research is needed on refining holistic review processes in medical residency selection.
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