Evolving trends in inpatient paediatric dermatology

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Dermatology
• Infectious Disease
• Critical Care Medicine

Background:

• Dermatologic disorders in hospitalized children require updated management strategies.
• Emerging and evolving conditions like Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) present unique challenges.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes recent findings on the diagnosis and management of key pediatric dermatologic conditions.
• It examines evolving epidemiology, treatment options, and clinical presentations.

Key Points:

• Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) incidence is rising, with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) often implicated and beta-lactam therapy effective.
• Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) management lacks consensus, but etanercept shows promise in reducing healing time and mortality.
• Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) frequently presents with mucocutaneous findings, necessitating early recognition of dermatologic features for diagnosis.

Conclusions:

• Clinicians must stay informed about the latest diagnostic and therapeutic advances for these rare pediatric dermatologic conditions.
• Early recognition of specific dermatologic manifestations is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective management in hospitalized children.