A Paper-Based Simulation Model for Teaching Inguinal Hernia Anatomy.

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Anatomy
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Inguinal hernias present complex anatomical challenges for medical students.
• Traditional teaching methods like lectures and intraoperative demonstrations have limitations in conveying this complexity.
• Current methods often rely on 2D models or unstructured, opportunistic teaching.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel paper-based model for teaching inguinal canal anatomy and hernia pathology.
• To assess the impact of this model on medical students' confidence and understanding.
• To provide a low-cost, adaptable visual learning aid for surgical education.

Main Methods:

• A paper model simulating inguinal canal layers and hernia pathologies was developed.
• The model was integrated into a structured learning session for third- and fourth-year medical students.
• Student confidence and understanding were assessed via pre- and post-session surveys.

Main Results:

• Student confidence ratings significantly improved across understanding of inguinal canal layers (2.5 to 8.0), identifying hernias (3.3 to 9.4), and naming contents (2.9 to 8.2).
• Statistical analysis (p < 0.001) confirmed significant learning gains.
• The learning session achieved a high usefulness rating (9.6/10), with students highlighting the model's value as a visual aid.

Conclusions:

• A novel, low-cost paper model effectively enhances medical students' understanding of inguinal canal anatomy and hernia pathology.
• This approach offers a valuable, accessible visual learning tool for surgical education.
• The model's adaptability allows simulation of various hernia pathologies and surgical repairs.