Recent advances in quinolone hybrids with potential antibacterial activity against drug-resistant bacteria

Quinolone derivatives, represented by fluoroquinolones, have emerged as the most commonly prescribed antibacterials for the treatment of various bacterial infections. In particular, the combination of a quinolone moiety with other antibacterial pharmacophores has the potential to act on different drug targets, which in turn, overcome drug resistance. Accordingly, quinolone hybrids are useful prototypes for fighting drug-resistant pathogens. The purpose of the present review is to provide an emphasis on the current scenario of quinolone hybrids with potential antibacterial activity against drug-resistant pathogens, covering articles published in the past 10 years. The structure-activity relationships, various aspects of rational design and mechanisms of action are also discussed to facilitate further rational development of more effective candidates.