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Sex-based differences in long-term outcomes after stroke: A meta-analysis.
Xiumei Guo1,2, Yu Xiong2, Xinyue Huang2
1Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
Plos One
|April 27, 2023
Summary
Women experience higher mortality and stroke recurrence rates after stroke compared to men. These sex differences in long-term stroke outcomes highlight the need for further research into stroke prevention and care strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Limited data exists on long-term sex-related disparities in stroke outcomes.
- Investigating sex-based differences in post-stroke outcomes is crucial for understanding patient trajectories.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis investigating sex-based differences in long-term outcomes after stroke.
- To pool data from multiple cohort studies to assess long-term stroke outcomes by sex.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to July 2022.
- Meta-analysis of 22 cohort studies including 84,538 patients, adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Risk of bias assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale; random-effects model employed.
Main Results:
- Female patients exhibited higher 1-year and 10-year mortality rates compared to males.
- Women had increased stroke recurrence at 1 year and less favorable outcomes within the first year post-stroke.
- No significant sex differences were observed in health-related quality of life or depression outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Female patients face higher mortality and stroke recurrence rates in the long term after stroke.
- Women experience poorer outcomes in the initial year following a stroke.
- Further research is essential to address sex disparities in stroke prevention, care, and management.
