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Ecological Niche Modelling Approaches: Challenges and Applications in Vector-Borne Diseases
Pablo Fernando Cuervo1,2, Patricio Artigas1,2, Jacob Lorenzo-Morales2,3
1Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andres Estelles s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
|April 27, 2023
Summary
Ecological niche modelling (ENM) is crucial for understanding vector-borne disease (VBD) spread. This overview highlights ENM
Area of Science:
- Environmental science
- Epidemiology
- Disease ecology
Background:
- Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) endanger over 80% of the global population.
- Climate change and human activities significantly impact VBD transmission dynamics.
- Predictive modeling is essential for assessing and comparing VBD risk scenarios.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) applications in assessing VBD transmission risk.
- To critically examine key issues often overlooked in VBD niche modeling.
- To present relevant uses of ENM for VBD research.
Main Methods:
- Summarizing fundamental concepts and common approaches in ENM for VBDs.
- Critically analyzing crucial, often disregarded, issues in VBD niche modeling.
- Reviewing relevant applications of ENM in the context of VBDs.
Main Results:
- ENM is emerging as a gold-standard for mapping geographic VBD transmission risk.
- Identified critical considerations for accurate VBD niche modeling.
- Highlighted practical applications of ENM in VBD research and public health.
Conclusions:
- ENM is a vital tool for understanding and predicting VBD geographic risk.
- Further improvements are needed in VBD niche modeling methodologies.
- This overview serves as a benchmark for future research in VBD ENM.
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