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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Overview
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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants01:27

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants

278
Decongestants are a class of medications used primarily to alleviate nasal congestion, a common symptom resulting from allergies, colds, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections. These drugs work by activating α-adrenergic receptors, constricting small blood vessels in the nasal membranes. This action results in the opening of clogged nasal passages, thereby facilitating sinus drainage and relieving congestion.
Most decongestants are readily available over-the-counter in...
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence

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Allergic Rhinitis.

Eric J Czech1, Andrew Overholser1, Paul Schultz2

  • 1Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3333 Glendale Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Department of Family Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3333 Glendale Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.

Primary Care
|April 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic rhinitis, a common condition, is diagnosed clinically. Effective management involves nasal sprays and antihistamines, crucial for preventing secondary effects.

Keywords:
AllergenAllergic rhinitisAntihistamineDecongestantHistamineImmunotherapyIntranasal corticosteroidsSeasonal allergies

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Primary Care Medicine

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis is frequently encountered in primary and acute care.
  • Clinical diagnosis relies on patient history and physical examination.
  • Referral to an allergist is indicated for challenging cases or when further testing is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic and management principles for allergic rhinitis.
  • To emphasize the importance of appropriate treatment to avoid complications.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical diagnosis through history and physical examination.
  • Review of current treatment modalities for allergic rhinitis.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis is primarily clinical.
  • Management requires careful consideration due to potential secondary effects.
  • Initial treatment should include glucocorticoid nasal sprays and second- or third-generation antihistamines.

Conclusions:

  • Allergic rhinitis management is critical and should not be underestimated.
  • Prompt and appropriate treatment can mitigate disease progression and secondary effects.