Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Macrophages are sensitive to anthrax lethal toxin through an acid-dependent process.

A M Friedlander

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |June 5, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Anthrax lethal toxin kills macrophages in vitro. The toxin requires acidic endocytic vesicles to enter cells and exert its lethal effect, offering insights into anthrax pathogenesis.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    Reproductive life history of the introduced peacock grouper Cephalopholis argus in Hawaii.

    Journal of fish biology·2016
    Same author

    Humans and seasonal climate variability threaten large-bodied coral reef fish with small ranges.

    Nature communications·2016
    Same author

    Energetic and ecological constraints on population density of reef fishes.

    Proceedings. Biological sciences·2016
    Same author

    OCEANS. Managing mining of the deep seabed.

    Science (New York, N.Y.)·2015
    Same author

    Scaling metabolism from individuals to reef-fish communities at broad spatial scales.

    Ecology letters·2014
    Same author

    Global assessment of the status of coral reef herbivorous fishes: evidence for fishing effects.

    Proceedings. Biological sciences·2013

    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Cell Biology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Anthrax lethal toxin, composed of protective antigen and lethal factor, is lethal to animals.
    • Existing research lacks a defined in vitro system to study toxin lethality.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish the first in vitro system demonstrating the lethality of anthrax lethal toxin.
    • To investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying anthrax lethal toxin-induced cell death.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized mouse peritoneal macrophages as an in vitro model.
    • Exposed macrophages to varying concentrations of anthrax lethal toxin components.
    • Investigated the role of intracellular pH and endocytosis using chemical agents like amines and monensin.

    Main Results:

    • Mouse peritoneal macrophages were killed within 1 hour of exposure to anthrax lethal toxin.
    • Neither protective antigen nor lethal factor alone exhibited toxicity.
    • Cell protection was achieved by agents that dissipate proton gradients, suggesting a role for acidic vesicles.
    • Protection was reversible and could be overcome by lowering intravesicular pH.

    Conclusions:

    • Anthrax lethal toxin requires entry through acidic endocytic vesicles to induce cytotoxicity.
    • This study provides a novel in vitro model for anthrax toxin research.
    • Findings elucidate a critical step in the mechanism of anthrax toxin action.

    Related Experiment Videos