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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Transport Properties of Ibuprofen Encapsulated in Cyclodextrin Nanosponge Hydrogels: A Proton HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy Study

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Published on: August 15, 2016

Mixed Edge Activators in Ibuprofen-Loaded Transfersomes: An Innovative Optimization Strategy Using Box-Behnken

João Vieira^1,2, Jéssica Castelo³, Marta Martins^1,2

¹CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.

|April 28, 2023

Summary

This study optimized transfersomes using a Box-Behnken design for enhanced skin delivery of ibuprofen. Mixed edge activators improved stability and cytocompatibility, paving the way for advanced topical medicines.

Keywords:

Box–Behnken factorial design ibuprofen nanovesicular systems nonionic surfactants skin delivery transfersomes

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Last Updated: Aug 1, 2025

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Published on: May 19, 2023

Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Pharmaceutical Sciences
Materials Science

Background:

Transfersomes are promising nanocarriers for topical drug delivery.
Improving transfersome properties is crucial for pharmaceutical applications.
Quality-by-Design (QbD) principles, like Box-Behnken design (BBD), support sustainable formulation development.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize transfersomes for cutaneous applications using BBD.
To incorporate mixed edge activators with opposing hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB).
To evaluate the physicochemical properties and stability of optimized transfersomes containing ibuprofen sodium salt (IBU).

Main Methods:

Box-Behnken factorial design (BBD) was employed for optimization.
Tween® 80 and Span® 80 were used as mixed edge activators.
Physicochemical properties, storage stability, and cytocompatibility (using 3D HaCaT cultures) were assessed.

Main Results:

The optimized transfersome formulation exhibited suitable physicochemical properties for skin delivery.
Incorporating mixed edge activators significantly enhanced the storage stability compared to liposomes.
Cell viability studies confirmed the cytocompatibility of the optimized transfersomes.

Conclusions:

BBD is an effective strategy for optimizing transfersomes for topical drug delivery.
Mixed edge activators enhance transfersome stability and maintain cytocompatibility.
Optimized transfersomes show potential for managing skin conditions through improved topical drug delivery.