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Updated: Aug 1, 2025
Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
Published on: October 27, 2020
Anti-tumor Effects of IL-1β Induced TRAIL-Expressing hUCMSCs on Embelin Treated Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Jui-Wen Teng1, Eric Hung1, Jiann-Ming Wu2
1Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Background:
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) have high therapeutic value in cancer treatment. We have found that pre-activating hUCMSCs with IL-1β promotes tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) expression and facilitates anti-tumor effect. Furthermore, embelin has been found to induce apoptosis of different cancer cell lines by upregulating the expression of TRAIL receptor 1 (DR4) and TRAIL receptor 2 (DR5). This study investigated whether IL-1β induced TRAIL-expressing hUCMSCs, in combination with low-dose embelin, could further induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines.
Materials And Methods:
MTT assay was used to examine the cytotoxicity of embelin in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. To detect the interested protein expression in cells, Western blot and cell immunofluorescence were used to double-confirm the observed results. Annexin V/PI apoptosis assay was detected by flow cytometry to analyze the apoptosis rate of embelin treated breast cancer cell lines and the effect of co-culturing with breast cancer cells and hUCMSCs.
Results:
Using Western blot and immunofluorescence, we found that breast cancer cell lines treated with low-dose embelin (2.5-5 μM) increased the expression of apoptosis-related receptor DR4, DR5 and the cleaved caspase 8, 9 and 3. Moreover, TRAIL expression was enhanced in IL-1β induced hUCMSCs. Combining these observations, we expected that coculturing IL-1β induced hUCMSCs with low dose embelin treated MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells might enhance the apoptosis of breast cancer cells. We confirmed via flow cytometry that coculture of IL-1β induced TRAIL-expressing hUCMSCs and embelin treated MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells enhances the apoptosis rate of these breast cancer cells.
Conclusion:
We found that embelin upregulated the expression of DR4 and DR5 to increase the TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. Low dose embelin treated breast cancer cell lines in combination with IL-1β induced TRAIL-expressing hUCMSCs may become a potential anti-tumor therapy.
