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Reactive Polymer as Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interface for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries.

Tuoya Naren1, Gui-Chao Kuang1, Ruheng Jiang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|April 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel polymer coating for lithium metal anodes in lithium metal batteries. This coating forms a protective layer, significantly improving battery stability and preventing dendrite growth for longer cycle life.

Keywords:
Carbonate ElectrolyteDendrite SuppressionLithium Metal AnodeLithium-Metal BatteriesPolymer Solid Electrolyte Interphase

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Lithium metal anodes offer high capacity but suffer from dendrite formation in carbonate electrolytes, limiting lithium metal battery (LMB) performance.
  • Dendrite growth causes short circuits and reduces the cycle life and safety of LMBs.
  • Developing stable solid electrolyte interfaces (SEIs) is crucial for practical LMBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a reactive polymer, P(St-MaI), capable of forming an artificial polymeric SEI on lithium metal anodes.
  • To investigate the polymer's ability to suppress lithium dendrite growth and enhance interfacial stability in LMBs.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance and cycling stability of modified lithium metal anodes in full cells.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a novel polymer P(St-MaI) with carboxylic acid and cyclic ether functional groups.
  • In situ formation of a polymeric SEI layer on lithium metal anodes using the P(St-MaI) coating.
  • Electrochemical testing of symmetric Li||Li cells and Li||LiFePO4 full cells with the modified anodes.

Main Results:

  • The P(St-MaI) artificial SEI effectively accommodated volume changes and maintained interfacial contact.
  • Uniform lithium ion deposition was induced by the carboxylic acid and cyclic ether groups.
  • Symmetric Li||Li cells cycled stably for over 900 hours at 1 mA cm⁻², with no increased polarization.
  • Full cells achieved 96% capacity retention after 930 cycles at 1C in carbonate electrolytes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed P(St-MaI) polymer effectively forms a robust artificial SEI, inhibiting lithium dendrite growth.
  • This strategy significantly enhances the cycling stability and lifespan of lithium metal anodes in carbonate electrolytes.
  • The artificial SEI approach is a promising strategy for designing advanced materials for high-performance LMBs.