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Gender differences in pathways influencing leisure time physical activity: A structural equation analysis.

Shalini Garg1

  • 1Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India.

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome
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PubMed
Summary

Physical activity is influenced by personal factors and environment, with gender-specific pathways. Interventions promoting leisure-time physical activity should consider these differences.

Keywords:
FactorsGenderPathwaysPhysical activityStructural equation modelling

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Understanding the complex interplay of factors influencing physical activity is crucial.
  • Exploring pathways between environmental influences and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is of growing interest.
  • Identifying gender-specific differences in these pathways can inform targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify pathways linking physical and social environmental factors to LTPA.
  • To investigate gender differences in the pathways influencing LTPA.
  • To elucidate the complex relationships between intrapersonal and environmental factors and LTPA.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was conducted in Kerala, India, from July 2018 to December 2019.
  • 467 adults aged 18-65 years were assessed for individual and environmental factors affecting their physical activity.
  • Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationships among variables.

Main Results:

  • A significant indirect effect of intrapersonal and environmental influences on LTPA was observed.
  • In men, self-efficacy and motivation were significantly associated with environmental influences.
  • In women, environmental factors influenced LTPA primarily through extrinsic motives related to body image and appearance.

Conclusions:

  • Intrapersonal factors (self-efficacy) and extrinsic motives (health, fitness) are key predictors of physical activity.
  • Environmental factors play a supportive role in enhancing engagement in leisure-time physical activity.
  • Future interventions should be gender-tailored to promote regular physical activity in adults.