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Acute amoxicillin nephrotoxicity following an overdose
Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology
|January 1, 1986
Abstract:
A 3 year old boy developed acute renal failure following an ingestion of 574 mg/kg of amoxicillin. Accidental ingestions of oral penicillins occur commonly, and are usually considered completely nontoxic. Based on this case, however, the possibility of adverse effects following large oral doses of penicillin-type antibiotics, mediated by allergic hypersensitivity or direct toxicity, should be considered.
Insights
A large dose of amoxicillin caused acute kidney failure in a young child. This case highlights potential risks from high oral penicillin antibiotic doses, possibly due to allergies or toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Clinical Toxicology
Background:
- Accidental ingestion of oral antibiotics, particularly penicillins, is common in children.
- These ingestions are generally considered benign with minimal risk of toxicity.
Observation:
- A 3-year-old boy presented with acute renal failure.
- This occurred after ingesting a significant quantity of amoxicillin (574 mg/kg).
Findings:
- High-dose oral amoxicillin exposure can lead to severe adverse events, including acute kidney injury.
- The exact mechanism may involve allergic hypersensitivity or direct nephrotoxicity.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider the potential for serious adverse effects with large oral penicillin doses.
- This case underscores the need for vigilance regarding antibiotic ingestions, even when considered low-risk.