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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

48
Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
48
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

18
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
18
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

25
The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
25
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

18
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
18
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

38
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
38
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

14
Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
04:40

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Published on: August 28, 2018

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Calcified coronary lesions.

Pio Cialdella1, Sonia Cristina Sergi1, Giuseppe Zimbardo1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, Via Casilina 1049, 00169 Rome, Italy.

European Heart Journal Supplements : Journal of the European Society of Cardiology
|May 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Treating calcific coronary lesions is challenging, especially in aging populations. Recent advancements offer improved imaging and treatment devices for these complex cases, aiding interventional cardiologists.

Keywords:
Coronary calcified lesionsIntracoronary imagingRotational and orbital atherectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Calcific coronary lesions pose significant challenges in cardiac catheterization laboratories.
  • Increasing prevalence is linked to an aging population and common comorbidities.
  • Current treatment strategies require refinement due to lesion complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging imaging modalities for calcific coronary lesions.
  • To summarize dedicated techniques and materials for treating these lesions.
  • To provide a comprehensive guide for interventional approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in imaging and interventional devices.
  • Synthesis of data on diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy.
  • Focus on technologies for lesion identification and modification.

Main Results:

  • New imaging tools enhance the visualization of calcific lesions.
  • Novel devices facilitate safer and more effective lesion treatment.
  • A multimodal approach combining imaging and specific techniques is crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in imaging and devices are transforming the management of calcific coronary lesions.
  • A structured, evidence-based approach is essential for optimal patient outcomes.
  • This review serves as a compendium for interventional cardiologists.