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In vitro Digestion of Emulsions in a Single Droplet via Multi Subphase Exchange of Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluids
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IMI 2023 Digest.

Padmaja Sankaridurg1,2, David A Berntsen3, Mark A Bullimore3

  • 1Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
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Recent research advances myopia control, exploring light, pharmacologic agents, and optical interventions. Treatments are generally safe and effective, with ongoing ethical debates regarding clinical trial designs.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optometry
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Myopia research is rapidly evolving, with new insights into etiology and control strategies.
  • The International Myopia Institute (IMI) has published key white papers and digests, with recent updates covering the last two years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize key findings in myopia research and control strategies from the past two years.
  • To discuss advancements in understanding myopia etiology and the development of novel control methods.

Main Methods:

  • Review of animal model studies on light, pharmacologic agents, and scleral cross-linking.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for spectacle lenses, multifocal contact lenses, and orthokeratology.
  • Discussion of topical atropine and emerging light-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • Animal studies explore light's influence and new pharmacologic agents for myopia control.
  • Clinical trials show efficacy in newer spectacle lens designs; multifocal contact lenses and orthokeratology are discussed.
  • Topical atropine remains accessible, with lower concentrations showing no rebound effect. Myopia control treatments are generally safe with minimal adverse effects.

Conclusions:

  • Myopia control treatments are effective and safe, with combination therapies and longer wear times maximizing outcomes.
  • The term 'premyopia' is gaining traction, emphasizing early intervention.
  • Ethical considerations for clinical trials, including control arms, are under debate, with IMI recommendations for protocols discussed.