Traffic assignment in urban transportation network problem with emission constraints in China: a cooperative game...

Traffic assignment in urban transport planning is the process of allocating traffic flows in a network. Traditionally, traffic assignment can reduce travel time or travel costs. As the number of vehicles increases and congestion causes increased emissions, environmental issues in transportation are gaining more and more attention. The main objective of this study is to address the issue of traffic assignment in urban transport networks under an abatement rate constraint. A traffic assignment model based on cooperative game theory is proposed. The influence of vehicle emissions is incorporated into the model. The framework consists of two parts. First, the performance model predicts travel time based on the Wardrop traffic equilibrium principle, which reflects the system travel time. No travelers can experience a lower travel time by unilaterally changing their path. Second, the cooperative game model gives link importance ranking based on the Shapley value, which measures the average marginal utility contribution of links of the network to all possible link coalitions that include the link, and assigns traffic flow based on the average marginal utility contribution of a link with system vehicle emission reduction constraints. The proposed model shows that traffic assignment with emission reduction constraints allows more vehicles in the network with an emission reduction rate of 20% than traditional models.