[Intrathoracic dislocation of the head of the humerus]

Intrathoracic displacement of the proximal humerus following axillary luxation is a rare injury; but with ipsilateral serial costal fracture and/or single costal fracture with contused lung it has to be included in the considerations concerning differential diagnosis and the tactics of surgical approach. The primary measures are determined by the extent of pulmonary damage; the further course is marked by aseptic necrosis of the head of the humerus. On the basis of our study case we are describing a typical course, and discussing its problems taking into consideration the individual publications available so far.