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Nutrition in congenital heart disease: consensus document
Fernando Centeno-Malfaz1, Ana Moráis-López2, Ana Caro-Barri3
1Servicio de Pediatría Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Servicio Pediatría Hospital Recoletas Campogrande, Valladolid, Spain.
Anales De Pediatria
|May 3, 2023
Summary
Malnutrition is common in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). This consensus document provides guidelines for early nutritional assessment and management to improve outcomes for these vulnerable infants.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Nutritional Science
- Clinical Consensus
Background:
- Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) frequently experience malnutrition.
- Early nutritional assessment and intervention are crucial for managing CHD and improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a consensus document for the nutritional assessment and management of infants with CHD.
- Establish evidence-based recommendations for identifying and treating malnutrition in pediatric cardiology patients.
Main Methods:
- Modified Delphi technique involving a scientific committee and 32 specialists.
- Two rounds of evaluation by pediatric cardiology, gastroenterology, and nutrition specialists.
- Literature review and clinical experience informed statement development.
Main Results:
- Consensus reached on 150 out of 185 items (81%).
- Identified cardiac pathologies and factors associated with low and high nutritional risk.
- Developed recommendations for PNU referral, assessment, nutritional requirements, and feeding strategies.
- Emphasized intensive preoperative nutrition and postoperative follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Recommendations aid in early detection and referral of at-risk infants.
- Improved nutritional evaluation and management can enhance CHD prognosis.
- Facilitates standardized care for infants with congenital heart disease and malnutrition.
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