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Muscles of the Shoulder

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

Published on: November 8, 2024

Fixation devices for anterior shoulder instability.

Lacee K Collins¹, Matthew W Cole¹, Felix H Savoie²

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics

|May 4, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Knotless and knotted suture anchors show similar patient outcomes for shoulder instability surgery. The choice between bony or soft tissue reconstruction depends on individual patient injuries.

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Published on: September 28, 2018

Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Sports medicine
Biomechanical engineering

Background:

Shoulder instability surgical outcomes have improved over 40 years due to advances in anchors and sutures.
Key surgical decisions involve knotless vs. knotted suture anchors and bony vs. soft tissue reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the history of shoulder instability treatment.
To evaluate fixation techniques including bony/soft tissue reconstruction and knotted/knotless suture anchors.

Main Methods:

Literature review of shoulder instability.
Evaluation of specific fixation techniques: bony and soft tissue reconstructions.
Comparison of knotted and knotless suture anchors.

Main Results:

Knotless suture anchors, popular since 2001, show no significant difference in patient-reported outcomes compared to knotted anchors.
Bony versus soft tissue reconstruction choice is patient-specific, based on injury pathology.

Conclusions:

Restoring normal anatomy is crucial for shoulder instability surgery, ideally with knotted mattress sutures.
Knotless anchors may offer improved soft tissue fixation but potentially at the expense of complete anatomical restoration.