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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
25
Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

228
Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure...
228
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

27
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Single Myofiber Isolation and Culture from a Murine Model of Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy in Early Post-Natal Development
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Mirizzi Syndrome Type I: A Case Presentation.

Michelle N Won1, Dylon P Collins1, Stephanie Bouchard1

  • 1Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA.

Cureus
|May 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mirizzi syndrome, a rare complication of gallstones, involves bile duct compression causing jaundice. This case highlights type I Mirizzi syndrome, emphasizing prompt surgical management to prevent bile duct damage and improve patient outcomes.

Keywords:
cholecystectomycholelithiasisgallbladdermirizzi syndromeobstructive jaundice

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Surgery
  • Biliary Tract Diseases

Background:

  • Mirizzi syndrome (MS) is a rare complication of chronic cholelithiasis.
  • It involves gallstone impaction in Hartmann's pouch or cystic duct, leading to extrinsic compression of the common hepatic duct.
  • This compression causes obstructive jaundice and, in advanced stages, can lead to a biliary-enteric fistula.

Observation:

  • An 82-year-old female presented with upper abdominal pain and jaundice.
  • Diagnostic workup suggested Mirizzi syndrome type I.
  • The patient underwent surgical management for the condition.

Findings:

  • The case illustrates a type I Mirizzi syndrome presentation.
  • Surgical intervention was deemed necessary for management.
  • The focus is on the potential for progression and complications if not managed promptly.

Implications:

  • Highlighting type I Mirizzi syndrome is crucial due to its potential for progression.
  • Untreated or delayed management can lead to significant bile duct damage.
  • Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are key to improving patient outcomes in Mirizzi syndrome.