Revealing the nature of hidden charm pentaquarks with machine learning

We study the nature of the hidden charm pentaquarks, i.e., the P_c4312,P_c4440 and P_c(4457), with a neural network approach in pionless effective field theory. In this framework, the normal χ² fitting approach cannot distinguish the quantum numbers of the P_c(4440) and P_c(4457). In contrast to that, the neural network-based approach can discriminate them, which still cannot be seen as a proof of the spin of the states since pion exchange is not considered in the approach. In addition, we also illustrate the role of each experimental data bin of the invariant J/ψp mass distribution on the underlying physics in both neural network and fitting methods. Their similarities and differences demonstrate that neural network methods can use data information more effectively and directly. This study provides more insights about how the neural network-based approach predicts the nature of exotic states from the mass spectrum.