[Clinical diagnosis and treatment of optic nerve glioma: a review]

Optic nerve glioma (ONG) is a relatively rare central nervous system tumor that mainly affects children and adolescents. It can be classified into sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-associated types. The histological type is mainly a low-grade pilocytic astrocytoma. The typical clinical manifestations are visual impairment and painless eye protrusion, and the imaging features mainly present as fusiform swelling or irregular masses. Chemotherapy is still the first-line treatment for ONG, and other treatment options include radiotherapy, surgical resection, and molecular targeted therapy. Screening and monitoring of NF1 patients are also crucial. The prognosis of ONG is difficult to predict, and close monitoring and timely effective intervention are necessary.