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An In Vitro Comparison of Microbial Adhesion on Three Different Denture Base Materials and Its Relation to Surface
Nikhath Sultana1, Shafath Ahmed1, Vidyashree V Nandini1
1Prosthodontics, SRM (Sri Ramaswamy Memorial) Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, IND.
Cureus
|May 8, 2023
Summary
This study found that rougher denture base materials lead to increased microbial adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Smoother surfaces, like injection-molded polymethyl methacrylate, are better for reducing microbial colonization.
Area of Science:
- Dental Materials Science
- Microbiology
- Biomaterials Engineering
Background:
- Denture base materials are prone to microbial adhesion, leading to oral infections.
- Surface properties of denture materials significantly influence microbial colonization.
- Understanding the relationship between surface roughness and microbial adhesion is crucial for preventing denture stomatitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the surface roughness of three different denture base materials after finishing and polishing.
- To evaluate the microbial adhesion of *Staphylococcus aureus* and *Candida albicans* to these materials.
- To determine the correlation between surface roughness and microbial adhesion.
Main Methods:
- An in vitro study using 84 samples of three denture materials: conventional polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), injection-molded PMMA, and injection-molded polyamide.
- Surface roughness was measured using an optical profilometer.
- Microbial adhesion was assessed by incubating samples with *Staphylococcus aureus* and *Candida albicans*, followed by colony forming unit estimation and confocal laser scanning microscopy.
Main Results:
- Injection-molded polyamide exhibited the highest surface roughness (0.1971±0.02 µm), while injection-molded PMMA showed the lowest (0.0669±0.02 µm).
- Microbial adhesion was highest on the polyamide samples and lowest on the injection-molded PMMA samples.
- A statistically significant direct correlation was found between increased surface roughness and increased microbial adhesion for both *Staphylococcus aureus* and *Candida albicans*.
Conclusions:
- Surface roughness is a critical factor influencing microbial adhesion to denture base materials.
- Materials with smoother surfaces, such as injection-molded PMMA, are recommended to minimize microbial colonization and potential oral infections.
- This highlights the importance of material selection and surface finishing in prosthetic dentistry.
