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Robust polarization state generation for long-range quantum key distribution.

Abigail Stein, Ignacio H López Grande, Lorenzo Castelvero

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    Summary
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    We developed a compact quantum key distribution transmitter for secure communication. This robust device uses a single phase modulator and achieves a low quantum bit error rate, enhancing the security of quantum key distribution protocols.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Information Science
    • Quantum Cryptography
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols are essential for secure communication.
    • Existing QKD transmitters often face challenges with stability and complexity.
    • Robust and compact transmitter designs are needed for practical QKD implementation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel, compact, and stable polarization state transmitter.
    • To implement the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol using the developed transmitter.
    • To demonstrate the transmitter's performance and reliability.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a single commercial phase modulator for polarization state preparation.
    • Employed a shared optical path for time-demultiplexed polarization modes to mitigate drifts.
    • Implemented a double-pass configuration for enhanced phase modulation control.
    • Developed a proof-of-concept prototype for experimental validation.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a mean intrinsic quantum bit error rate below 0.2%.
    • Demonstrated stable operation over a 5-hour measurement period.
    • The transmitter design proved compact and robust against thermal and mechanical drifts.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented transmitter design is a viable solution for practical BB84 QKD.
    • The use of a single phase modulator and shared optical path offers enhanced stability and reduced complexity.
    • The low quantum bit error rate validates the effectiveness of the developed transmitter for secure quantum communication.