Improving the Hufnagel-Andrews-Phillips refractive index structure parameter model using turbulent intensity.

Area of Science:

• Atmospheric optics
• Electromagnetics
• Geophysics

Background:

• The Hufnagel-Andrews-Phillips (HAP) model is a standard for refractive index structure parameter (Cn2) but requires refinement for diverse atmospheric conditions.
• Accurate Cn2 profiling is crucial for optical and radio wave propagation, impacting system performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To modify the HAP model for improved characterization of Cn2 profiles using turbulent intensity and Korean atmospheric statistics.
• To compare the performance of the modified HAP model against the Critical Laser Enhancing Atmospheric Research 1 (CLEAR 1) model and experimental data.

Main Methods:

• Introduced turbulent intensity (ratio of wind speed variance to average wind speed-squared) into the HAP model.
• Utilized Korean Refractive Index Parameter yearly statistics for model validation.
• Performed comparative analysis between the modified HAP model, CLEAR 1 model, and experimental datasets.

Main Results:

• The modified HAP model demonstrates more consistent representation of averaged experimental data profiles compared to the CLEAR 1 model.
• The proposed model shows good agreement with averaged experimental data and reasonable agreement with non-averaged datasets from literature.

Conclusions:

• The enhanced HAP model provides a more accurate and consistent characterization of atmospheric refractive index structure parameter profiles.
• This improved model is valuable for system link budget estimations and advancing atmospheric research.