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Making the diagnosis in prosthetic joint infection: a European view

Martin McNally1, Irene Sigmund1,2, Andrew Hotchen1

  • 1The Bone infection Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK.

EFORT Open Reviews
|May 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Diagnosing prosthetic joint infections (PJI) is challenging, often leading to missed cases. The new European Bone and Joint Infection Society definition improves accuracy in identifying PJI and predicting treatment failure.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Prosthetic joint infections (PJI) pose significant diagnostic challenges.
  • Current diagnostic workups may miss infections, particularly culture-negative cases.
  • Standardized criteria are essential for accurate PJI diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of recent Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) definitions.
  • To highlight the advantages of the European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) definition.
  • To assess the impact of a new definition on identifying high-risk infections and reducing diagnostic uncertainty.

Main Methods:

  • Review and comparison of multiple published PJI definitions.
  • Analysis of the clinical utility of the new European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) definition.
  • Evaluation of the definition's performance in identifying clinically significant infections and predicting treatment failure.

Main Results:

  • The European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) definition demonstrates improved accuracy in diagnosing PJI.
  • This new definition effectively identifies infections with a higher risk of treatment failure.
  • The EBJIS definition reduces the number of patients with uncertain PJI diagnoses.

Conclusions:

  • The European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) definition offers practical advantages for PJI diagnosis.
  • Accurate PJI diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and patient outcomes.
  • Classification of PJIs aids in understanding treatment outcomes and failure risk factors.
Keywords:
EBJISbiomarkersclassificationdefinitiondiagnosishistologymicrobiologyprosthetic joint infection

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