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Characteristics and Outcomes of Surgical Treatment for Bronchial Anomalies

Derek D Kao1,2, Yann Fuu-Kou3, Cynthia S Wang1,4

  • 1Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

The Laryngoscope
|May 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Slide tracheobronchoplasty is a surgical option for pediatric bronchial anomalies. While effective, complete bronchial rings present higher mortality risks due to associated comorbidities.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric surgery
  • Thoracic surgery
  • Congenital airway malformations

Background:

  • Bronchial anomalies are rare pediatric conditions affecting airway patency.
  • These include complete rings, absent cartilage, fistulas, and sleeves.
  • Treatment can be complex and requires specialized surgical approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe characteristics and outcomes of pediatric bronchial anomalies treated with slide tracheobronchoplasty.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of this surgical technique in a pediatric cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 29 pediatric patients.
  • Surgical treatment using slide tracheobronchoplasty from February 2004 to April 2020.
  • Data collection included demographics, comorbidities, and surgical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Complete bronchial rings were the most frequent anomaly (14 patients).
  • Overall mortality was 17.2%, exclusively in patients with complete bronchial rings.
  • Complete bronchial rings were associated with higher rates of cardiac, pulmonary, and secondary airway comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • Slide tracheobronchoplasty is a viable surgical option for pediatric bronchial anomalies.
  • Complete bronchial rings represent a higher-risk subgroup requiring careful management.
  • Comorbidities significantly influence outcomes in patients with complete bronchial rings.
Abstract

Keywords:
bronchial anomaliesbronchial rupturebronchoesophageal fistulacartilaginous sleevecomplete bronchial ringscomplete tracheal ringsslide tracheoplasty

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