Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

283
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
283
Hearing01:31

Hearing

52.6K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
52.6K
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

45.3K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
45.3K
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

391
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
391
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

4.5K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
4.5K
Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

40.8K
Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
40.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Perceptual organization of Mandarin consonants in cochlear implant users.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Aging-related reconfiguration of auditory working-memory control under converging phonological and executive demands: EEG signatures and speech-in-noise performance.

Hearing research·2026
Same author

Active packaging film based on a green composite: fabrication and performance analysis of pineapple leaf fiber-reinforced PBAT.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

A Case of Mediastinal Abscess Diagnosed by Endoscopic Ultrasound.

Respirology case reports·2026
Same author

Efficacy of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) in the treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms after gastric cancer surgery: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled open-label trial.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026
Same author

Dense retrieval and reranking for referenced provisions in electric power audit systems.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Pathology-Informed Augmentation Improves Cross-Cohort IMU-to-vGRF Estimation Between Healthy Adults and Adults With Osteoarthritis.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
Same journal

Effects of task-driven head orientations on gait and balance during walking in virtual reality.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
Same journal

Wearable sensor-based Mild Cognitive Impairment Identification: A Multi-Domain Gait Analysis Approach with Association Rule Mining.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
Same journal

Semi-implantable Micro-cooler for Dorsal Root Ganglion Enables Targeted, Sustained, and Cumulative Pain Relief.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
Same journal

Auditory Cue Integration for a Power-Assisted Gait Training System Based on Neurodevelopmental Treatment Principles.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
Same journal

Quantifying the dynamics that link leg tendon vibration to induced periodic postural oscillations in young subjects Differential effects of light touch on the induced sway.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach
10:50

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

Published on: June 6, 2012

14.6K

Comparable Encoding, Comparable Perceptual Pattern: Acoustic and Electric Hearing.

Fanhui Kong, Huali Zhou, Yefei Mo

    IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering : a Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
    |May 9, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new acoustic vocoder model for cochlear implants (CIs) shows that similar speech encoding creates comparable perception patterns for CI and normal hearing listeners. This research improves understanding of CI perception and prosthetic interventions.

    More Related Videos

    Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique
    11:39

    Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique

    Published on: September 7, 2022

    2.2K
    A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons
    07:13

    A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons

    Published on: November 9, 2018

    11.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 31, 2025

    Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach
    10:50

    Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

    Published on: June 6, 2012

    14.6K
    Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique
    11:39

    Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique

    Published on: September 7, 2022

    2.2K
    A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons
    07:13

    A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons

    Published on: November 9, 2018

    11.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Auditory Neuroscience
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Speech Processing

    Background:

    • Simulating electric neuroprosthesis perception often relies on physical stimuli.
    • Understanding cochlear implant (CI) listener perception is crucial for improving hearing prosthetics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate a novel acoustic vocoder model for electric hearing simulation in CIs.
    • To test if comparable speech encoding leads to similar perceptual outcomes in CI and normal hearing (NH) listeners.

    Main Methods:

    • Speech signals were processed using FFT-based stages, implemented identically in CI's Advanced Combination Encoder (ACE) and NH's Gaussian-enveloped Tones (GET) or Noise (GEN) vocoders.
    • Speech reception thresholds (SRTs) in noise, consonant, and vowel recognition were measured in NH listeners using GET/GEN vocoders and in experienced CI users.

    Main Results:

    • A significant training effect was observed for GET vocoded speech perception.
    • The GEN vocoder demonstrated better matching of SRTs, consonant/vowel recognition, and phoneme confusion patterns with CI listener data compared to conventional vocoders.
    • GEN vocoder performance closely mirrored CI user performance across various speech perception tasks.

    Conclusions:

    • Identical signal encoding strategies can yield similar perceptual patterns in both CI users and NH listeners.
    • Accurate replication of signal processing stages is vital for modeling perceptual patterns in neuroprosthetics.
    • This vocoder model enhances understanding of CI perception and aids in developing better prosthetic interventions.