Cyclic diaryliodonium salts: applications and overview

Area of Science:

• Organic Chemistry
• Hypervalent Chemistry
• Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

• Renewed interest and advances in hypervalent chemistry have led to novel applications for cyclic diaryliodonium salts.
• These salts possess unique properties like efficient dual arylation, one-pot synthesis compatibility, broad substrate scope, and functional group tolerance.
• They serve as key precursors for synthesizing various cyclic bioactive molecules crucial in pharmaceutical development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compile and summarize recent synthetic methodologies involving cyclic diaryliodonium salts.
• To highlight the utility of these salts in accessing important bioactive compounds.
• To provide a foundation for future research in this area.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent literature on synthetic strategies utilizing cyclic diaryliodonium salts.
• Focus on methodologies enabling efficient synthesis of fluorenes, thiophenes, carbazoles, phenanthrenes, and other cyclic structures.
• Emphasis on methods yielding high optical activity and enantiomeric excess, particularly for atropisomers.

Main Results:

• Cyclic diaryliodonium salts facilitate the straightforward synthesis of diverse cyclic bioactive molecules.
• These methodologies allow for the efficient preparation of complex optical isomers, including atropisomers, with high enantiomeric excess.
• The versatility of cyclic diaryliodonium salts supports their application in pharmaceutical synthesis.

Conclusions:

• Recent advances have significantly expanded the synthetic utility of cyclic diaryliodonium salts.
• These reagents are instrumental in accessing valuable bioactive compounds and complex stereoisomers.
• The reviewed methodologies offer a strong basis for further exploration and application in drug discovery and synthesis.