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Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...

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An Integrated Raman Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry Platform to Study Single-Cell Drug Uptake, Metabolism, and Effects

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Understanding radiation response and cell cycle variation in brain tumour cells using Raman spectroscopy.

Iona E Hill¹, Marie Boyd², Kirsty Milligan³

¹Centre for Molecular Nanometrology, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK. karen.faulds@strath.ac.uk.

|May 11, 2023

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Controlling the cell cycle influences radiation resistance in glioma cells. Raman spectroscopy effectively monitors these biochemical changes, aiding personalized cancer therapy development.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Cancer Biology
Spectroscopy

Background:

Radiation therapy is used in ~50% of cancer treatments.
Cancer treatment outcomes vary due to patient heterogeneity.
Cell cycle arrest and synchronization are key outcomes of radiation therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate Raman spectroscopy for monitoring cellular radiation response in synchronized vs. unsynchronized human glioma cells.
To investigate if synchronizing cells to the G1/S boundary enhances radiation resistance.
To assess if Raman spectroscopy, cell cycle analysis, and DNA damage assays can detect radiation response changes.

Main Methods:

In vitro study of UVW human glioma cells.
Cell synchronization to the G1/S boundary.
Raman spectroscopy with principal component analysis (PCA).
Cell cycle analysis and gamma-H2AX (DNA damage) assays.

Main Results:

Raman spectroscopy with PCA detected biochemical changes (protein, lipid) in response to radiation over 24 hours.
Synchronized cells showed different spectral changes compared to unsynchronized cells post-irradiation.
Unsynchronized cells exhibited greater spectral changes 24 hours after irradiation, indicating cell cycle-dependent radiation response.

Conclusions:

The cell cycle significantly impacts radiation resistance in glioma cells.
Controlling the cell cycle may induce radiation resistance.
Raman spectroscopy is a valuable tool for assessing radiation response and resistance when cell cycle phase is controlled.