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Platelets and SARS-CoV-2 During COVID-19: Immunity, Thrombosis, and Beyond
Anthony Sciaudone1, Heather Corkrey1, Fiachra Humphries2
1Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.S., H.C., M.K.), University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA.
Circulation Research
|May 11, 2023
Summary
Platelets play a key role in COVID-19 complications like thrombosis. SARS-CoV-2 directly interacts with platelets, triggering immune responses and coagulation, increasing patient mortality.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Virology
Background:
- COVID-19 is linked to increased mortality due to dysregulated thrombosis and coagulation.
- Platelets are crucial immune responders that contribute to thrombosis and intravascular coagulation.
- Direct interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and platelets is evidenced by viral genome and antibody detection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the immune, prothrombotic, and procoagulant roles of platelets in COVID-19.
- To elucidate direct and indirect interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and platelets.
- To discuss platelet activation, immunothrombosis, and complement activation in COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on platelet function in COVID-19.
- Analysis of studies investigating SARS-CoV-2 interaction with platelets.
- Examination of murine models for studying COVID-19-associated thrombosis.
Main Results:
- SARS-CoV-2 interacts with platelets, leading to activation and extracellular vesicle release.
- Platelet activation contributes to immunothrombosis and complement activation in COVID-19.
- The Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 affects platelet function.
Conclusions:
- Platelets are central players in COVID-19 pathogenesis, contributing to thrombosis and coagulation.
- Understanding platelet-virus interactions is crucial for managing COVID-19 complications.
- Further research using in vivo models is needed to fully understand COVID-19-mediated thrombosis.
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