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Screening for adverse childhood experiences among young people using drugs in Vietnam: related factors and clinical
Thanh Luan Pham1,2, Thuy Linh Nguyen3, Kieu An Nguyen3
1Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Background:
Research evidence shows a strong association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and later-life substance use. But little is known about the prevalence and impact of ACEs among young people using drugs (YPUD) in Vietnam.
Method:
A cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling and peer recruitment methods was conducted among YPUD aged 16-24 in three cities in Vietnam. Eligible participants were screened for ACEs using the ACE-IQ, tested for HIV and hepatitis C, and assessed for sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics.
Results:
Data were collected on 553 individuals whose median age was 20: 79% were male, 18.3% women and 2.7% transgender. Methamphetamine use was reported by 75.8% of participants. 85.5% reported at least one ACE and 27.5% had four ACEs or more. An ACE score of 4 or higher was associated with female and transgender, lower educational level, methamphetamine use, buying sex, depression, psychotic symptoms and expressed need for mental health support.
Conclusions:
ACEs were found to be very common among YPUD in Vietnam. It is therefore strongly recommended that these young people should be provided with a comprehensive and secure assessment and care that includes not only essential harm reduction and addiction treatment needs but also addresses their mental health needs.
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