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Low self-esteem: a refined cognitive behavioural model.

Katharine A Rimes1, Patrick Smith1, Livia Bridge1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London.

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy
|May 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study refines cognitive models of low self-esteem by integrating social theories, emphasizing how perceived social value and negative self-beliefs maintain low self-esteem and impact functioning.

Keywords:
CBTdiscriminationprejudiceself-worthstigmatherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Melanie Fennell's 1997 cognitive model of low self-esteem is a foundational approach.
  • Existing models can be enhanced by incorporating social theories and research on socially devalued groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a refined model of low self-esteem integrating social perspectives.
  • To explore the relationship between self-esteem, perceived social value, and core beliefs.
  • To examine cognitive biases and maintaining responses in individuals with low self-esteem.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical model development integrating cognitive and social theories.
  • Analysis of research findings concerning individuals with socially devalued characteristics.
  • Examination of core beliefs related to personal adequacy and social connection.

Main Results:

  • Low self-esteem is linked to perceptions of one's value in the eyes of others.
  • Core beliefs about self and others in the domains of adequacy and connection are crucial.
  • Cognitive biases in low self-esteem individuals lead to negative appraisals, activating negative beliefs and mood.

Conclusions:

  • The refined model highlights the role of perceived social value in maintaining low self-esteem.
  • Negative self-appraisals and maladaptive responses perpetuate low self-esteem and impact functioning.
  • The model offers insights applicable to diverse populations, including LGBTQ+ individuals.