Colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A case report

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma originates from B cells, with primary colonic MALT lymphoma being a rare extranodal lymphoma.
• Lack of consensus on endoscopic features and standard therapies highlights the need for increased awareness and appropriate treatment strategies for colonic MALT lymphoma.

Observation:

• A rare 0-IIb-type colonic lesion, difficult to detect, was identified using electronic staining and magnifying endoscopy.
• The patient underwent diagnostic endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) followed by evaluation based on Lugano 2014 criteria (CT/MRI and PET-CT).
• PET-CT revealed increased glucose metabolism in the sigmoid colon, prompting further surgical treatment.

Findings:

• Pathological results confirmed ESD as a potential treatment for such lesions, suggesting it as a new option for colorectal MALT lymphoma.
• Electronic staining and magnifying endoscopy improve detection and understanding of difficult-to-diagnose colonic MALT lymphoma, requiring pathological confirmation.
• ESD appears to be a feasible and economical treatment for massive colorectal MALT lymphoma based on this case.

Implications:

• ESD may offer a novel treatment modality for colorectal MALT lymphoma, particularly for challenging lesions.
• Further clinical investigation is needed to explore the combined application of ESD with other therapeutic schemes.
• Improved endoscopic detection and pathological diagnosis are crucial for managing rare colonic MALT lymphomas.