Kaposi Sarcoma: A Rare Presentation of Elephantiasis Nostras Verrucosa

Although a low-grade vascular tumor, Kaposi sarcoma (KS) can have mucosal, and visceral involvement. Additionally, disfiguring disseminated lesions can be seen in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). KS may cause lymphatic obstruction leading to chronic lymphedema that further contributes to progressive cutaneous hypertrophy and severe disfigurement in the form of non-filarial elephantiasis nostras verrucosa (ENV). This report highlights a case of a 33-year-old male with AIDS who presented in acute respiratory distress with bilateral lower extremity nodular lesions. We confirmed a diagnosis of KS with overlying ENV via a multi-disciplinary approach. Collaboratively, we optimized our patient and observed adequate treatment response and overall improvement in clinical status. Our report emphasizes the importance of a multi-disciplinary approach in recognizing a rare presentation of ENV. Recognition of the disease and understanding the extent of the disease are crucial in preventing irreversible disease progression and allowing for maximum response.