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Bidirectional association between Parkinson's disease and obstructive sleep apnea: a cohort study
Seung-Ho Jeon1,2, Yun Su Hwang1,2, Sun-Young Oh1,2
1Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
Summary
This study found that individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have a higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD), and those with PD are more likely to develop OSA, suggesting a bidirectional link.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) involves chronic intermittent hypoxia, a known contributor to oxidative stress.
- Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD).
- The potential bidirectional relationship between OSA and PD remains incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the bidirectional association between Parkinson's disease and obstructive sleep apnea.
- To determine if OSA increases the risk of developing PD and vice versa.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cohort study utilizing the Korean National Health Information Database (3.5 million individuals).
- Two cohorts were analyzed: OSA patients vs. non-OSA controls, and PD patients vs. non-PD controls, matched in a 1:2 ratio.
- Stratified Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate hazard ratios.
Main Results:
- In study 1 (OSA vs. non-OSA), OSA patients showed a 1.54-fold higher incidence of PD.
- In study 2 (PD vs. non-PD), PD patients exhibited a 1.92-fold higher incidence of OSA.
- Both associations were statistically significant (P < .05).
Conclusions:
- The findings support a potential bidirectional relationship between Parkinson's disease and obstructive sleep apnea.
- This suggests that OSA may be a risk factor for PD, and PD may increase the risk of OSA.
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